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Professor Paul Milligan

Professor of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology

United Kingdom

I am an epidemiologist and biostatistician working on the control of malaria and other infectious diseases. I trained initially in biology and ecology, followed by a PhD in population biology, and then a Wellcome Trust post-doctoral fellowship in biomathematics at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine helped me to switch focus to epidemiology and biostatistics. I worked as a statistician/epidemiologist at the MRC laboratories in The Gambia for 8 years, during which time I contributed to evaluation of the introduction of Hib conjugate vaccine showing its effectiveness, and to the first field trials showing the efficacy of the RTS,S vaccine. Since 2004 I have been based in the faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health in the London School of Hygiene&Tropical Medicine, where I teach statistics and epidemiology on our short courses and distance learning programmes, and I co-organise a distance learning MSc module on the epidemiology of infectious diseases. I have benefited from long term partnerships with researchers in the Universities of Cheikh Anta Diop and Thiès in Senegal, as well as with colleagues at LSHTM, on field studies of malaria control, and with the National University of Singapore, on statistical and epidemiological methods in infectious disease research, and with WHO. I led the public health evaluation of the scale-up of seasonal malaria chemoprevention in West Africa, showing its effectiveness, and I contributed to the large-scale evaluation of the introduction of the RTS,S vaccine in Ghana, Kenya and Malawi, which was recently completed, showing the vaccine’s impact in reducing mortality in young children, and I am involved in partnerships in West and Central Africa for implementation research to improve uptake and impact of malaria vaccines.

Affiliations

Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and International Health
Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health

Centres

Centre for Evaluation
Malaria Centre
Centre for Maternal Adolescent Reproductive & Child Health
Vaccine Centre

Research

Research Area
Epidemiology
Field epidemiology
Public health measure evaluation (statistical methods)
Implementation science
Applied statistics (medical)
Infectious disease policy
Vaccines
Randomised controlled trials
Clinical drug trials
Pharmacovigilance
Disease and Health Conditions
Malaria
Respiratory diseases
Meningitis
Tuberculosis
HIV/AIDS
Country
Senegal
Gambia
Mali
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea
Burkina Faso
Niger
Nigeria
Chad
Togo
Benin
Cameroon
Ghana
Cote d'Ivoire
Malawi
Kenya
Region
Sub-Saharan Africa (developing only)

Selected Publications

Impact de l’introduction du vaccin antipaludique RTS,S/AS01E sur la mortalité chez les jeunes enfants au Ghana, au Kenya et au Malawi : une évaluation observationnelle d’une mise en œuvre randomisée en grappes
Mwapasa, V; Asante, KP; MILLIGAN, P; Akech, S; Oduro, A; Mathanga, DP; Fogelson, A; Kwambai, TK; Hamel, MJ; Kapito-Tembo, A; Gyan, T; Westercamp, N; Okine, R; Moore, K; Pellaux-Furrer, E; Stanley, C; Ansong, D; Kariuki, S; Njuguna, P; Mvalo, T; Welaga, P; Otieno, L; Snell, P; Schellenberg, D; Chimala, A; ... Partenaires de l’évaluation du programme de vaccin,
2026
Impact de l’introduction du vaccin antipaludique RTS,S/AS01E sur la mortalité chez les jeunes enfants au Ghana, au Kenya et au Malawi : une évaluation observationnelle d’une mise en œuvre randomisée en grappes
Impact of introducing RTS,S/AS01E malaria vaccine on mortality in young children in Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi: an observational evaluation of a cluster-randomised implementation programme.
Mwapasa, V; ASANTE, KP; MILLIGAN, P; Akech, S; Oduro, A; Mathanga, DP; FOGELSON, A; Kwambai, TK; Hamel, MJ; Kapito-Tembo, A; Gyan, T; Westercamp, N; Okine, RN A; Moore, KA; Pellaux-Furrer, E; Stanley, CC; Ansong, D; Kariuki, S; Njuguna, P; Mvalo, T; Welaga, P; Otieno, L; SNELL, P; SCHELLENBERG, D; Chimala, A; ... Malaria Vaccine Programme Evaluation partners,
2026
The lancet
The Malaria Vaccine Programme Evaluation in Kenya: results of a baseline household survey prior to the introduction of the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine.
Westercamp, N; Nyangau, I; Kwambai, TK; Seda, B; Akach, D; Okanda, I; Marube, E; Siambe, P; Radiro, E; Wafula, F; Ondiegi, B; Shah, MP; Seffren, V; Moore, KA; FOGELSON, A; MILLIGAN, P; Kariuki, S; Samuels, AM;
2026
Malaria journal
The Malaria Vaccine Implementation Programme study area in Ghana: results of a household survey prior to the introduction of the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine.
Welaga, P; Gyan, T; Koram, K; Hodgson, A; Odei-Lartey, E; Agbokey, F; Gyaase, S; Awini, E; Adu-Gyasi, D; Amenuvegbe, GK; Dadzie, D; Adam, A-R; Hammond, J; Sarfo, A; Nuhu, A-R; Peprah, PT; Twumwaa, L; Boateng, E; SNELL, P; FOGELSON, A; Okine, RN A; Hamel, MJ; MILLIGAN, P; Moore, KA; Binka, FN; ... Asante, KP.
2026
Malaria journal
Data for: The Malaria Vaccine Pilot Evaluation (MVPE) studies (2019-2023)
ASANTE, KP; Samuels, AM; Kwambai, TK; SNELL, P; MILLIGAN, P; Okine, RA;
2025
Harvard Dataverse
Case-control studies of the effectiveness of the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine against hospital admission with severe malaria, and associations with safety signals: statistical report
MILLIGAN, P; FOGELSON, A;
2025
Case-control studies of the effectiveness of the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine against hospital admission with severe malaria, and associations with safety signals: statistical report
Using transportability methods to map the local effectiveness of mass drug administration for malaria in Senegal.
Roh, ME; Tong, Y; Heitmann, GB; Ba, E-HK C; Ndiaye, JL; FOGELSON, A; MILLIGAN, P; Seck, A; Diallo, A; Lo, AC; Baiocchi, M; GOSLING, R; Bennett, A; Hsiang, MS; Benjamin-Chung, J;
2025
medRxiv
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