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Dr Muhammed Afolabi MBBS, MPH, PhD, FWACP, FHEA, FFPH

Clinical Associate Professor

London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Keppel Street
London
WC1E 7HT
United Kingdom

Tel.
+44(0)20729292301

I am a Global Health Physician-Scientist. I obtained a medical degree from the University of Ibadan and a Master’s degree in Public Health from Obafemi Awolowo University, both in Nigeria, West Africa. I also underwent specialist medical training leading to the award of postgraduate fellowships of the West African College of Physicians and the National Postgraduate Medical College of Nigeria in Family Medicine. I obtained a PhD from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) in 2015. I am also a Fellow of the Faculty of Public Health of the Royal Colleges of Physicians of the United Kingdom.

I joined LSHTM in 2016 to work on an Ebola vaccine project based in Kambia, northern Sierra Leone, where I led the implementation of the paediatric components of the trials; the findings of which contributed to the approval of the novel two-dose Ebola vaccine regimen (Zabdeno, Mvabea) by the European Medicines Agency and pre-qualification by the World Health Organisation. 

My research antecedents at the MRC Unit, The Gambia (MRCG), from 2009-2016, focused on the evaluation of HIV and malaria vaccines in adult and paediatric populations. I led the collaborative trial involving MRCG and Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Senegal, designed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of malaria vaccines when co-administered with routine childhood immunisations in infants and neonates. 

I have a track record of developing innovative solutions to address the unmet needs of the populations I work with. For example, to address the perennial challenges faced when communicating essential research information to low-literacy research participants, Muhammed developed and evaluated in a randomised controlled trial a simplified alternative method of delivering consent information using a locally designed multimedia tool that integrated video, animations, and audio narrations in local languages. This study formed the basis of his highly regarded PhD, which I passed without requiring any corrections from the Examiners. The multimedia consent tool has changed the way informed consent procedures are conducted at MRCG and deservedly led to the award of prizes, including the MRCG Director's Award in 2013 and the MRC Chief Executive Officer Award in 2014.

I am an experienced provider of technical support for clinical research, public health, and epidemiological strategies to health organisations focused on operational and clinical research activities. I am experienced in managing multiple research projects and quality assurance plans. I serve on several committees, including the WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) Working Group on COVID-19 vaccines and the Nuffield Council on Bioethics. I am also an Academic Editor of the PLOS Global Public Health.

I am currently working on a prestigious UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship, designed to tackle the complex and novel challenges posed by the co-endemicity of malaria and helminths in a high-risk paediatric population in West Africa by investigating the feasibility, safety, acceptability, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of integrating helminth control with seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC). This adventurous project will hopefully lead to the implementation of an increasingly recognised WHO strategy of a paradigm shift from parallel, top-down disease control programmes to integrated, locally relevant, evidence-based, and sustainable child health policies and their delivery.

Affiliations

Department of Disease Control
Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases

Centres

Centre for Evaluation
Malaria Centre
Vaccine Centre

Teaching

I successfully completed the prescribed modules of the Postgraduate Certificate in Learning and Teaching at the LSHTM and have become a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy (FHEA). I have a wide range of teaching activities, which include:

  • Applying Public Health Principles in Developing Countries (MSc Public Health for Global Practice)
  • Neglected Tropical Diseases Module 3465 (MSc Control of Infectious Diseases)
  • Control of Infectious Diseases - IDM 104 (MSc Control of Infectious Diseases)
  • Examiner for MSc, PG Diploma, and PG Certificate in Infectious Diseases, University of London
  • Deputy Chair, Examination Board, PG Certificate/PG Diploma/MSc Infectious Diseases, University of London
  • Co-Module Organiser for Introduction to Disease Agents and their Control (IDAC) Module 3125
  • Personal Tutor for master's degree students

 

Supervision of master's and doctoral students:

Master’s degree supervision

  1. Jeanne Sophie Ndiaye: Prediction Mapping of Schistosomiasis Prevalence in the Senegal River Basin: Identifying High-Risk Areas for Optimized Intervention Strategies, MSc Control of Infectious Diseases, LSHTM 2023-2024, Completed
  2. Nembulefack Derick Kemndah: Impact of climate change on health in the Sahel and sub-Sahelian regions: a systematic review, MSc Public Health for Development, LSHTM 2023-2024, Completed
  3. Osei Owusu: Comparative Safety and Effectiveness of Anti-Malarial Preventive Treatment in Infants: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis, MSc Control of Infectious Diseases LSHTM 2022-2023, Completed
  4. Harriet Ume: Effects of malaria-helminths co-infections on anaemia in children and pregnant women living in East Africa, MSc Control of Infectious Diseases LSHTM  2021-2022, Completed
  5. Kelly Parliament: The burden of drought-related diseases on pastoralist livelihood zone communities in Turkana County, north-western Kenya, MSc Control Infectious Disease, LSHTM  2022-2023, Completed
  6. Catey Laube MacDonald: Understanding vaccine hesitancy in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review to identify policy and planning priorities for improved immunization coverage, MSc Infectious Disease, LSHTM 2021-2022, Completed
  7. Fabiana Monti: Safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of meningococcal C vaccine in children with vertical HIV infection: a systematic review, MSc Infectious Diseases, LSHTM  2017-2018, Completed
  8. Gibbi Sey: Informed consent process in non-literate participants in Clinical Trials in the context of The Gambia, MSc Clinical Trials, University of Edinburgh, UK, 2015-16, Completed
  9. Tijan Baldeh: Knowledge, attitude and practices of Edward Francis Small Teaching hospital staff on occupational exposure and risk of HIV infection, MPH, School of Medicines & Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, 2015-16, Completed

 

Doctoral degree supervision

LSHTM 

1. Lubna Al-Ariqi: DrPH, LSHTM, 2023/24 - Ongoing 

Thesis: Mapping and analysis of One Health tools in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries. 

OPA: Strengthening One Health multi-sectoral collaboration across Gulf Cooperation Council countries through a newly established intergovernmental Center for Disease Prevention and Control.

2. Mohd Syafiq bin Yahya:  DrPH, LSHTM, 2024/25 – Ongoing

Thesis: Understanding the impact of diabetes mellitus control on Tuberculosis treatment outcomes: a mixed methods comparative analysis.

OPA: Team-Based Diabetes Management in Public Healthcare Organisations in Melaka Tengah, Malaysia: An Observational Qualitative Study

3. Elvis Dansi: DrPH, LSHTM, 2024/25 – Ongoing

Thesis: Feasibility and effectiveness of using point-of-care testing for creatinine on renal disease outcomes of PLWHIV in Cameroon

OPA: The Role of International Non-Profit Organisation in Shaping Government Public Health Policies in Low and Middle-Income Countries: The case of The Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI) country office in Cameroon.

4. Sixtus Ngomo Bame: MPhil/PhD, LSHTM, 2024/25 – Ongoing

Thesis: Barriers and Facilitators to Collaboration Between Community-Based Organizations and Health Facilities in HIV/AIDS Service Delivery in the Northwest Region of Cameroon

External

5. Elhadji Babacar Fall, PhD, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Senegal, 2024. Completed

Thesis: Transmission dynamics of malaria in Senegalese children infected with schistosomiasis

6. Samuel Adusi: PhD, University of Ghana, 2022/23

Thesis: Determinants of malaria-helminth co-infections and effect of SMC drugs and anthelmintics co-administration among school-age children in Pru East district, Ghana

7.  Bolarinde Lawal, PhD, College of Medicine & Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, 2022/23 

Thesis: Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on Laboratory System in West Africa: Exploring Lessons for Future Pandemic Preparedness

MARCAD Plus Fellows

8. Tameghe Sylvanie Masso: University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon, 2023 – Ongoing

Thesis: Evaluation of the Host Inflammatory response in Malaria and Schistosomiasis  comorbidity

9. Pascale Fisemou: University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon, 2023 – Ongoing

Thesis: Genomic evaluation of Plasmodium falciparum and Schistosoma spp in co-infected patients in Cameroon

Research

The overarching goal of my research is to reduce the burden of preventable child mortality and morbidity in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) by bridging the critical gap between proven health interventions and their effective, equitable, and sustainable integration into health systems and communities. My work is firmly situated within the discipline of implementation science, with a specific focus on developing, testing, and scaling context-specific innovations that address the most pressing challenges in global child health. My research program is built upon three interconnected pillars:

1. Integrated Service Delivery for High-Burden Diseases: A central theme of my research is overcoming the inefficiency of vertical disease programmes by designing and evaluating integrated models of care. My flagship research, supported by a UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship, investigates the co-administration of interventions for malaria and neglected tropical diseases (specifically soil-transmitted helminths and schistosomiasis). This work moves beyond efficacy to answer critical implementation questions about feasibility, effectieness, cost-effectiveness, safety, and community acceptability, with the explicit aim of providing a robust evidence base for new WHO policy guidelines. This focus directly addresses the synergistic relationship between co-infection involving malaria and helminths, seeking to create more resilient and efficient child health services at the community level. 

2. Strengthening Health Systems in Fragile and Epidemic-Prone Contexts: I have a profound interest in improving child health outcomes in complex and humanitarian settings. My work includes leading pivotal paediatric vaccine trials for Ebola in Sierra Leone, which focused on the practical challenges of evaluating and deploying novel interventions in a crisis. Furthermore, my epidemiological studies on paediatric admissions in rural hospitals aim to generate granular, locally-relevant data to inform triage, resource allocation, and clinical training. This strand of research seeks to fortify health systems from the ground up, ensuring they are responsive to both everyday burdens of disease and acute epidemic threats.

3. Methodological and Ethical Innovation in Global Health Research: My research interests extend to the very methods of conducting equitable and rigorous research in LMICs. My foundational work on developing simplified, multimedia informed consent tools for low-literacy populations is driven by a commitment to ethical inclusivity. I am dedicated to advancing methodological approaches that ensure research participation is accessible and meaningful for all communities, thereby improving the quality, equity, and applicability of the evidence generated.

My research interests converge on a singular objective: to catalyse the translation of evidence into life-saving action for the world's most vulnerable children. Through a deliberate focus on integration, system strengthening, and ethical innovation, my research seeks to generate the practical knowledge needed to transform child survival policy and practice globally.

Research Area
Child health
Clinical trials
Complex interventions
Ethics
Global Health
Helminths
Immunisation
Public health
Systematic reviews
Vaccines
Epidemiology
Medicine
Vaccinology
Implementation science
Mixed methods research
Randomised controlled trials
Disease and Health Conditions
Malaria
Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs)
Schistosomiasis
Tropical diseases
Infectious diseases
Emerging infectious diseases
Country
Gambia
Nigeria
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Ghana
Region
Least developed countries: UN classification
Sub-Saharan Africa (all income levels)
Sub-Saharan Africa (developing only)
World

Selected Publications

Prioritising in a crisis: what next for malaria research?
Chestnutt, EG; AFOLABI, MO; D'ALESSANDRO, U; DELVES, M; GOSLING, R; Jagoe, G; Lasry, E; Maiteki, C; MOON, RW; ORIERO, E; PITT, C; TADESSE, F; Tibenderana, JK; RAO, VB;
2026
Malaria journal
Long-term safety and immunogenicity of the two-dose heterologous Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo Ebola vaccine regimen: a cohort study of previously vaccinated adults and children in Sierra Leone (the EBOVAC-Salone extension study)
Manno, D; Balami, AD; Bangura, A; Kamara, AB; Kallon, JA E; Conteh, M; Ayieko, P; Baiden, F; AFOLABI, MO; Faye, F; TINDANBIL, D; Foster, J; Owusu-Kyei, K; Kamara, MM; Koroma, B; Lawal, BJ; Otieno, GT; Jusu, MO; Njie, Y; Kowuor, D; Odeni, L; Fombah, AE; Morovia, FE; Bah, OM; Connor, NE; ... WATSON-JONES, D.
2026
The Lancet Regional Health - Africa
Epidemiology of Schistosoma haematobium infection and microhaematuria among schoolchildren in a setting of sustained mass drug administration in Banfora, Burkina Faso.
Cissé, M; Soulama, A; Sirima, C; Djibougou, AD; Gnissi, S; Nakanabo-Diallo, S; AFOLABI, M; Zongo, I;
2025
Parasite epidemiology and control
Serological assessment of pediatric parasite exposure in two Senegalese districts using multiplex serology.
Brazal Monzó, H; Rayment Gomez, S; Sow, D; Colle Lo, A; Diouf, MP; Seck, A; Mbaye, I; Fall, EB; PATTERSON, C; SOREMEKUN, S; Manga, IA; Cissé, C; Diouf, A; Gaye, NA; Tetteh, KK A; Loukas, A; GREENWOOD, B; Ndiaye, JL A; DRAKELEY, C; AFOLABI, MO;
2025
Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases
COVID-19 vaccination implementation in 52 African countries: trajectory and implications for future pandemic preparedness.
WARIRI, O; AFOLABI, MO; Mukandavire, C; Saidu, Y; Balogun, OD; Ndiaye, S; Okpo, EA; Nomhwange, T; Uthman, OA; KAMPMANN, B;
2023
BMJ Global Health
What factors are associated with paediatric admissions and their outcomes in a rural hospital in northern Sierra Leone? Insights from a pilot observational study
AFOLABI, MO; Ayieko, P; Njie, Y; Kowuor, D; Adetola, HH; Kamara, B; Jalloh, AB; Sesay, F; Swaray, E; Odeny, L; Pearce, RM; Samai, MH; Deen, GF; Koedoyoma, S; Sesay, IG; Ishola, D; Leigh, B; WATSON-JONES, D; GREENWOOD, B;
2023
BMJ Public Health
Feasibility and safety of integrating mass drug administration for helminth control with seasonal malaria chemoprevention among Senegalese children: a randomized controlled, observer-blind trial.
AFOLABI, MO; Sow, D; Agbla, SC; Fall, EH B; Sall, FB; Seck, A; Manga, IA; Mbaye, IM; Loum, MA; Camara, B; Niang, D; Gueye, B; Sene, D; Kane, NM; Diop, B; Diouf, A; Gaye, NA; Diouf, MP; Lo, AC; GREENWOOD, B; Ndiaye, JL A;
2023
Malaria journal
Safety and immunogenicity of the two-dose heterologous Ad26.ZEBOV and MVA-BN-Filo Ebola vaccine regimen in infants: a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, active-controlled trial in Guinea and Sierra Leone.
CHOI, EM-L; Lacarra, B; AFOLABI, MO; Ale, BM; Baiden, F; Bétard, C; Foster, J; Hamzé, B; Schwimmer, C; Manno, D; D'Ortenzio, E; Ishola, D; Keita, CM; Keshinro, B; Njie, Y; Van Dijck, W; Gaddah, A; Anumendem, D; Lowe, B; Vatrinet, R; Lawal, BJ; Otieno, GT; Samai, M; Deen, GF; Swaray, IB; ... EBOVAC-3/EBL2005 Study Team,
2023
The Lancet Global health
Provider and User Acceptability of Integrated Treatment for the Control of Malaria and Helminths in Saraya, South-Eastern Senegal.
AFOLABI, MO; Diaw, A; Fall, EH B; Sall, FB; Diédhiou, A; Seck, A; Camara, B; Niang, D; Manga, IA; Mbaye, I; Sougou, NM; Sow, D; GREENWOOD, B; Ndiaye, JL A;
2023
American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
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