Research
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Cancer Research UK Cancer Survival Programme
Other research:
Completed research
Socio-economic inequalities cancer survival using
MRC Clinical Trials Insights from AXIS (Adjuvant X-ray and 5-Fluorouracil
Infusion Study) Trends in cancer incidence and mortality
in South Asians in England and Wales, 1986-2004 To take advantage of the experience of migration to Britain from India, Pakistan and Bangladesh where cancer risk is low, to seek clues for cancer prevention. Frequency, trends and socio-economic inequalities in cancer incidence and mortality in these populations will be examined. Comparison of approaches for handling
missing data in survival analysis Socio-economic gradients in cancer survival in
France and the UK Does the implementation of treatment guidelines
affect cancer survival To investigate whether compliance with national cancer treatment guidelines in NHS Trusts affects the survival of cancer patients treated in those Trusts. To assess the impact of factors such as the stage of disease at diagnosis, the patient's socio-economic status and organisation of cancer services in the Trust. Methods for evaluating the proportion of cancer
patients who are "cured" The aims of this project are to develop statistical methods for estimating and modelling the cure fraction in population-based cancer survival analysis and apply the methods to data from Sweden, Finland, England and the USA with the joint aim of evaluating the new methodology as well as studying temporal trends in cancer patient survival. Traditional approaches to studying temporal trends in cancer patient survival typically involve estimating 5-year relative survival for different periods of diagnosis and attempting to correlate the observed trends with changes in factors thought to affect survival. A common problem is that an observed trend may be consistent with several competing hypotheses. An alternative approach, which we believe provides greater insights, is to simultaneously estimate the proportion of patients cured along with the distribution of survival times of the 'uncured'. Studying trends in both the cure fraction and the average survival time of the uncured gives greater possibilities for distinguishing between competing explanations for an observed trend in patient survival. Inequalities in access to treatment for colorectal
cancer patients Evidence has shown that individuals belonging to more affluent socio-economic groups have better survival from a wide range of cancers. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, colorectal cancer remains a serious disease with poor survival at five-years. A 3-5% difference in five-year survival between the most affluent and most deprived populations in the UK has been shown. Access to healthcare could be a possible explanation for the observed inequalities in survival, but evidence for a relationship between access to healthcare and survival is limited. This study, in collaboration with Dr Franco Sassi at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Dr Catherine Lejeune at the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), aims to explore socio-economic inequalities in access to treatment of colorectal cancer and its effect on survival. The study includes data on all patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer between 1997 and 2002 who were resident in the areas covered by three Regional Cancer Registries in England. The primary outcome measure is 1-year relative survival. Cancer survival in persons resident in "Spearhead"
Primary Care Trusts in England The "Spearhead Group" of areas was announced on 19 November 2004 and consists of the Local Authority areas, and the PCTs which map to them, that are in the bottom fifth nationally for 3 or more of the following 5 factors: male and female life expectancy, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality rates in under 75s, and Index of Multiple Deprivation 2004 (Local Authority Summary), average score. The "Spearhead Group" is a fixed list of 70
Local Authorities, and 62 PCTs (formerly 88 In collaboration with the Office for National Statistics
(ONS) and the Department of Health (DH), we produce estimates of cancer
survival for ten of the most common cancers in adults among persons
who, at the time of diagnosis, were resident in the territory of what
are now Spearhead Primary Care Trusts in England, compared with those
resident in the rest of England. Please go here for a
list of our joint publications with ONS. Cancer survival indicators for the National
Centre for Health Outcomes Development The Cancer Survival Group collaborates with the National Centre for Health Outcomes Development (NCHOD) to provide cancer survival indicators for the resident populations of various health and administrative geographies in England. We have carried out the following analyses:
and generated the following reports:
More information about NCHOD is available on their website
www.nchod.nhs.uk. Avoidable deaths Fighting Against Cancer Today (FACT) - Slovenian
Presidency of the EU The decision by the Slovenian Presidency to the European Union (EU) in 2008 to focus on cancer has provided an important opportunity to explore how policy makers in Europe are responding to the huge public health challenge of cancer, and to develop new policy recommendations. Therefore, the European Commission's Health & Consumer Protection Directorate and the Government of Slovenia are supporting a collaboration between internationally recognised public health institutes in the EU, among them LSHTM, under the umbrella of the project FACT. The main objectives are to close the gap between cancer prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care between and within EU member states, and to send a strong political signal that immediate and concerted action is needed to reduce cancer incidence and mortality and to improve cancer outcomes across Europe. A series of activities have been planned, among these, the preparation of the publication 'Responding to the challenge of cancer in Europe: a proposal', addressing the situation on cancer in Europe as an important task that will ultimately facilitate setting out an agenda for action by policy-makers at all levels. This task is jointly coordinated by LSHTM and the Slovenian Institute of Public Health. The impact of specialist treatment centres
on cancer survival and 'cure' among young people in England and Wales More than 1,700 cases of cancer are diagnosed in people
aged 10-24 years in England every year, and cancer is the most common
natural cause of death in this age group. Several hospital units specifically
for teenagers and young adults with cancer have been built or are in
development around Great Britain to provide for the specific needs of
people in this age group. For people aged 10-24 years who were diagnosed
with a malignancy in England and Wales, this research will aim to: analyse
trends in survival and 'cure' by type of treatment centre, treatment
and co-morbidity for those diagnosed during 1989-2004; analyse trends
in survival and 'cure' by age, sex, type of cancer and deprivation for
patients diagnosed during 1971-2004; provide short-term predictions
of survival and 'cure', using period analysis; assess the impact of
prognostic factors on survival using multivariate models; evaluate the
most suitable methodological approaches to estimating outcome when data
are sparse. Breast cancer incidence and mortality
trends in relation to screening The overall aim of the project is to produce a refined
comparative assessment of the impact of breast cancer screening on trends
in breast cancer incidence and mortality in England and Wales and in
France. The availability of birth cohort data that we can analyse by
single year of birth and single year of age will enable the impact of
screening on incidence and mortality trends to be examined more comprehensively
than would be possible with data in the usual quinary age groups. Approaches
to breast screening have been very different in England and France.
It is of substantial importance to evaluate the impact of breast screening
in England and Wales because the Department of Health in 1992 set a
target of reducing breast cancer mortality by 25% in women aged 55-69
years by 2000. Acid suppressor drugs and the risk of developing
gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinoma and gastric carcinoids The incidence and mortality of gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinoma have risen rapidly since the early seventies and a similar trend has been noticed for carcinoid tumours. The reasons for these changes are, however, still unknown. This study aims at providing a better understanding into the aetiology of gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinoma, and gastric carcinoids, with a view to ascertain the reasons behind the observed trends. The main hypothesis is that therapy with acid suppressor drugs increases the risk of developing gastro-oesophageal adenocarcionoma, as well as gastric carcinoids; thus, the wide availability and use of these drugs during the last three decades may explain some of the increase in the incidence and mortality of these cancers. This association will be documented through a large epidemiologic study based on the information obtained by linking the Cancer Registry data for England with the General Practice Research Database (GPRD), which will also facilitate follow-up and diagnostic validation processes as well as the investigation of other risk factors. Lung cancer incidence trends in young women
This study was to investigate whether there has been an upward trend in lung cancer incidence in young women. We examined the rates (per 100,000 population) of newly diagnosed cases of lung cancer in females for the period 1995-2003, by age and morphology. Trends in overall cancer survival in the UK Breast cancer treatment and outcome in the
Yorkshire Cancer Network area, 1982-2003 |