Laboratory of Dr Cally Roper
People
Cally Roper, Inbarani Naidoo, Mette Schousboe.
Malaria Research
1. Mapping drug resistance in Africa
We are mapping the geographical distribution of antimalarial drug resistance genes in African P. falciparum populations. Maps summarising the distribution of known resistance mutants in Africa. http://drugresistancemaps.org)
Funding: Gates Malaria Partnership (GMP)
Publications:
Following the Path of Most Resistance. The geographic dispersal of the dhps K540E mutation in African Plasmodium falciparum. Naidoo, I. and Roper, C. Trends in Parasitology (2010) 26, 447-456.
Multiple origins and regional dispersal of resistant dhps in African P. falciparum malaria. Pearce, R., Pota, H., Evehe, M.B., El Hadj Bâ, Mombo-Ngoma, G., Malisa, A., Ord, R. , Inojosa, W. , Matondo, A., Diallo, D.A., Mbacham, W., van den Broek, I.V., Swarthout, T. D., Assefa, A., Dejene, S., Grobusch, M.P., Njie, F., Dunyo, S., Kweku, M., Owusu-Agyei, S., Chandramohan, D. , Bonnet, M., Guthmann, J-P., Clarke, S., Barnes, K.I., Streat, E., Katokele, S. T., Uusiku, P., Agboghoroma, C.O., Elegba, O. Y., Cissé, B., A-Elbasit, I. E., Giha, H.A., Kachur, S.P., Lynch, C., Rwakimari, J. , Chanda, P., Hawela, M., Sharp, B., Naidoo, I., Roper, C. PLoS Medicine (2009) 6(4):e1000055
Monitoring for multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum isolates and analysis of pyrimethamine resistance evolution in Uige province, Angola. Menegon, M., Pearce, R. J., Inojosa, W. O., Pisani, V., Abel, P. M., Matondo, A., Bisoffi, Z., Majori, G., Ord, R., Warhurst, D. C., Roper, C., and Severini, C. Trop Med Int Health (2009) 14 (10) 1-7.
High resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine in northern Tanzania and the emergence of dhps resistance mutation at Codon 581. Gesase, S., Gosling, R.D., Hashim, R., Ord, R., Naidoo, I., Madebe, R., Mosha, J.F., Joho, A., Mandia, V., Mrema, H., Mapunda, E., Savael, Z., Lemnge, M., Mosha, F.W., Greenwood, B., Roper, C., Chandramohan, D. PLoS ONE(2009);4(2):e4569
The emergence of highly resistant dhfr alleles in P. falciparum populations of SW Uganda. Lynch, C., Pearce, R., Pota, H., Abeku, T., Cox, J., Rwakimari, J., Tibenderanda, J., Roper, C. The Journal of Infectious Diseases (2008), 197, 1598-1604.
- Plowe, C.V., Roper, C., Barnwell, J.W., Happi, C.T., Joshi, H.H., Mbacham, W., Meshnick, S.R., Mugittu, K., Naidoo, I., Price, R.N., Shafer, R.W., Sibley, C.H., Sutherland, C.J., Zimmerman, P.A. and Rosenthal, P.J. (2007) World antimalarial resistance network (WARN) III: molecular drug markers for drug-resistant malaria. Malaria Journal, 6:121 (6 September 2007)
- Diallo, D.A., Sutherland, C. Nebie, I., Konate, A.T., Ord, R., Pota, H., Rope, C., Ilboudo-Sanogo, E., Greenwood, B.M., Cousens, S.N. (2007) Sustained use of insecticide-treated curtains is not associated with greater circulation of drug-resistant malaria parasites or with higher risk of treatment failure among children with uncomplicated malaria in Burkina Faso. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 76(2): 237-244
- Bonnet, M., Roper, C., Felix, M., Coulibaly, L., Kankolongo, G.M., Guthmann, J.P. (2007) In vivo efficacy of two artemisinin-based combinations (artesunate/sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and artesunate/amodiaquine) and molecular markers of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in the Republic of Guinea. Malaria Journal, 6:54
- Ndiaye, D., Daily, J.P., Sarr, O., Ndir, O., Gaye, O., Mboup, S., Roper, C., Wirth, D.F. (2006) Defining the origin of Plasmodium falciparum resistant dhfr isolates in Senegal. Acta Tropica 99(1): 106-111
- Swarthout, T.D., van den Broek, I.V., Kayembe, G., Montgomery, J., Pota, H., Roper, C. (2006) Artesunate plus amodiaquine and artesunate plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine for treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Democratic Republic of Congo: a clinical trial with determination of sulphadoxine and pyrimethamine-resistant haplotypes. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 11(10): 1503-1511
Partner organisations
The mapping project is a collaboration between investigators from a large number of organisations:
- Medical Research Council Laboratories, The Gambia
- Medical Research Unit, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambarene, Gabon
- Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, Dakar, Senegal
- Centre National de Recherche et de Formation Sur Le Paluldisme (CNRFP), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Biotechnology Centre, University of Yaounde I, Cameroon
- Navrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Ghana
- Malaria Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
- Malaria Lead Programme, Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Epicentre, MSF, Paris, France
- Medecins Sans Frontieres-UK, 67-74 Saffron Hill, London EC1N 8QX
- Medecins Sans Frontieres, Adis Abeba, Ethiopia
- CUAMM Angola, Luanda, Angola
- Malaria Department, Tigray BoH, Ethiopia
- National Malaria Control Centre, Lusaka, Zambia
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health and Social Services, Windhoek, Namibia
- Ministry of Health, Matola, Maputo Province, Mozambique
- Ministry of Health of Uganda, National Malaria Control Programme, Kampala, Uganda
- National Hospital Abuja, Garki Abuja, Nigeria
- Uige Provincial Hospital, Uige Angola
2. Maps for SP-IPTi with SP in Africa
IPTi using sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is effective in areas of high malaria transmission provided threshold resistance levels are not exceeded. The WHO Technical Consultation on Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Infants (2009, WHO Geneva, Switzerland) noted that key mutations are indicative of high level SP resistance and the presence of these mutations above a certain threshold should preclude the use of SP for IPTi. We have mapped recent measures of the threshold marker throughout Africa. Download a static map of Africa showing where thresholds are exceeded. Maps summarizing this data and its relation to the policy cut-off are available at http://www.drugresistancemaps.org/ipti/
Funding: IPTi Consortium
Publications:
3. How treatment policies change drug selection in the field.
Publications:
Drug coverage in treatment of malaria and the consequences for resistance evolution-evidence from the use of sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine. Malisa, A., Pearce, R., Abdullah, S., Mshinda, H., Kachur, P., Bloland, P., and Roper, C.
Malaria Journal (2010) 9:190.
Protective efficacy of Intermittent Preventive Treatment of malaria in infants (IPTi) using sulfadoxine- pyrimethamine and parasite resistance. Griffin, J. T., Cairns, M., Ghani, A.C., Roper, C., Schellenberg, D., Carneiro, I., Newman, R.D., Grobusch, M. P, Greenwood, B., Chandramohan, D.,Gosling, R..D. PLoS ONE (2010)
Five years of large scale dhfr and dhps mutation surveillance following the phased implementation of artesunate plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in Maputo Province, southern Mozambique. Raman, J., Little, F., Roper, C., Kleinschmidt, I., Cassam, Y., Maharaj, R., and Barnes, K. I. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (2010), 82(5), 788-794.
- Schellenberg, D., Abdulla, S., Roper, C. (2006) Current issues for anti-malarial drugs to control P. falciparum malaria. Curr Mol Med, 6(2):253-260
- Alexander, N., Sutherland, C., Roper, C., Cisse, B., Schellenberg, D. (22 January 2007) Modelling the impact of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria on selection pressure for drug resistance. Malaria Journal, 6:9
4. Population genetics in Anopheles gambiae, Homo sapiens and Plasmodium vivax
Publications:
- Enevold, A., Alifrangis, M., Sanchez, J.J., Carneiro, I., Roper, C., Borsting, C., Lusingu, J., Vestergaard, L.S., Lemnge, M.M., Morling, N., Riley, E. and Drakeley, C. (2007) Associations between a+-Thalassemia and Plasmodium falciparum malarial infection in North Eastern Tanzania. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 196:451-459
- Butlin, R., and Roper, C. (2005) Evolutionary genetics: microarrays and species origins. Nature, 437:199-201
